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In the apothecaries' system, which was widely used in the United States until the middle of the 20th century, [15] the dram is the mass of 1 ⁄ 96 pounds apothecaries (lb ap), or 1 ⁄ 8 ounces apothecaries (oz ap or ℥) [5]: C-7 (the pound apothecaries and ounce apothecaries are equal to the troy pound (lb t), and troy ounce (oz t ...
A troy ounce (abbreviated oz t) is equal to 480 grains. Consequently, the international troy ounce is equal to exactly 31.1034768 grams. There are 12 troy ounces in the now obsolete troy pound. Today, the troy ounce is used only to express the mass of precious metals such as gold, platinum, palladium, rhodium or silver.
The Russian pound ( Фунт, funt) is an obsolete Russian unit of measurement of mass. It is equal to 409.51718 g (14.445293 oz). [ 49] In 1899, the funt was the basic unit of weight, and all other units of weight were formed from it; in particular, a zolotnik was ⁄96 of a funt, and a pood was 40 fúnty .
Each contains about 14 grams or 17.7 ml of ethanol. A standard drink or (in the UK) unit of alcohol is a measure of alcohol consumption representing a fixed amount of pure alcohol. The notion is used in relation to recommendations about alcohol consumption and its relative risks to health. It helps to educate alcohol users. [ 1]
The US fluid ounce is based on the US gallon, which in turn is based on the wine gallon of 231 cubic inches that was used in the United Kingdom prior to 1824. With the adoption of the international inch, the US fluid ounce became 1⁄128 gal × 231 in 3 /gal × (2.54 cm/in) 3 = 29.5735295625 mL exactly, or about 4% larger than the imperial unit.
11 US fl oz-325 ml: A twelfth (1 ⁄ 12, or 0.083) of a US Gallon, rounded up from its actual volume of 10.66 US fl oz. Formerly used for beer until it was replaced by the 3 ⁄ 4 Pint (12 US oz.) bottle after World War 2. Tenth (US) 12.8 US fl oz-378 mL: A tenth (1 ⁄ 10, or 0.1) of a US gallon. Called a "Commercial Pint" because it was ...
Such scales are used to make the most accurate of fine measurements, such as in the needs of empirical chemistry. Avoirdupois ( / ˌævərdəˈpɔɪz, ˌævwɑːrdjuːˈpwɑː /; [ 1] abbreviated avdp.) [ 2] is a measurement system of weights that uses pounds and ounces as units. [ 3][ 4] It was first commonly used in the 13th century AD and ...
Apothecaries' system. German postage stamp from 1991, commemorating 750 years of the apothecary profession. The apothecaries' system, or apothecaries' weights and measures, is a historical system of mass and volume units that were used by physicians and apothecaries for medical prescriptions and also sometimes by scientists. [ 1][ 2][ 3] The ...