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This is an alphabetical list of astronauts, people selected to train for a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft. For a list of everyone who has flown in space, see List of space travelers by name. More than 600 people have been trained as astronauts.
Claude Nicollier, joint 277th and first Swiss to go into space. Mae Jemison, joint 280th person and first African American woman to go into space. Susan Helms, joint 286th person in space and first woman to serve on board the ISS. Yuri Malenchenko, joint 309th person in space and first to marry in space.
Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer who in 1969 became the first person to walk on the Moon. He was also a naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor . Armstrong was born and raised in Wapakoneta, Ohio. He entered Purdue University, studying aeronautical ...
STS-7. STS-41-G. Mission insignia. Retirement. August 15, 1987. Sally Kristen Ride (May 26, 1951 – July 23, 2012) was an American astronaut and physicist. Born in Los Angeles, she joined NASA in 1978, and in 1983 became the first American woman and the third woman to fly in space, after cosmonauts Valentina Tereshkova in 1963 and Svetlana ...
Kalpana Chawla (17 March 1962 – 1 February 2003) [ 2] was an Indian-born American astronaut and aerospace engineer who was the first woman of Indian origin to fly to space. [ 3][ 4] She first flew on Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997 as a mission specialist and primary robotic arm operator aboard STS-87. [ 5]
List of cosmonauts. The first eleven Soviet cosmonauts, July 1965. Back row, left to right: Leonov, Titov, Bykovsky, Yegorov, Popovich; front row: Komarov, Gagarin, Tereshkova, Nikolayev, Feoktistov, Belyayev. All were awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union, worn on the left breast and the Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR decoration, worn on the right.
Scott Carpenter, Gordon Cooper, John Glenn, Gus Grissom, Wally Schirra, Alan Shepard and Deke Slayton. The first group of astronauts selected by NASA were for Project Mercury in April 1959. All seven were military test pilots, a requirement specified by President Eisenhower to simplify the selection process.
Ronald Erwin McNair (October 21, 1950 – January 28, 1986) was an American NASA astronaut and physicist. He died at the age of 35 during the launch of the Space Shuttle Challenger on mission STS-51-L, in which he was serving as one of three mission specialists in a crew of seven.