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Comparison with use in software. The original gratis/libre distinction concerns software (i.e., code), with which users can potentially do two [citation needed] kinds of things: 1. access and use it; and 2. modify and re-use it. "Gratis" pertains to being able to access and use the code, without a price-barrier, while "libre" pertains to being ...
The French Parliament ( French: Parlement français) is the bicameral legislature of the French Fifth Republic, consisting of the upper house, the Senate ( Sénat ), and the lower house, the National Assembly ( Assemblée nationale ). Each assembly conducts legislative sessions at separate locations in Paris: the Senate meets in the Palais du ...
Law of France. French law has a dual jurisdictional system comprising private law ( droit privé ), also known as judicial law, and public law ( droit public ). [ 1][ 2] Judicial law includes, in particular: Public law includes, in particular: Together, in practical terms, these four areas of law (civil, criminal, administrative and ...
The French Constitution established a semi-presidential system of government, with two competing readings. [ 5] On one hand, the executive branch has both a president of the republic and a prime minister, which is commonly seen in parliamentary systems with a symbolic president and a prime minister who directs the government. [ 5]
The Charter of the French Language (French: La charte de la langue française ), also known as Bill 101 ( French: Loi 101 ), is a law in the Canadian province of Quebec defining French, the language of the majority of the population, as the official language of the provincial government. It is the central piece of legislation that forms Quebec ...
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The Constitution of the Fifth Republic of France (1958) Article 49 of the French Constitution is an article of the French Constitution, the fundamental law of the Fifth French Republic. [1] [2] It sets out and structures the political responsibility of the government (the executive branch) towards the parliament (legislative branch).
Legislation is the process or result of enrolling, enacting, or promulgating laws by a legislature, parliament, or analogous governing body. [1] Before an item of legislation becomes law it may be known as a bill , and may be broadly referred to as "legislation" while it remains under consideration to distinguish it from other business.