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Why is the Sun's corona so much hotter than the Sun's surface? (more unsolved problems in astronomy) The temperature of the photosphere is approximately 6,000 K, whereas the temperature of the corona reaches 1,000,000–2,000,000 K. The high temperature of the corona shows that it is heated by something other than direct heat conduction from the photosphere. It is thought that the energy ...
Solar core. The core of the Sun is considered to extend from the center to about 0.2 of solar radius (139,000 km; 86,000 mi). [1] It is the hottest part of the Sun and of the Solar System. It has a density of 150,000 kg/m 3 (150 g/cm 3) at the center, and a temperature of 15 million kelvins (15 million degrees Celsius; 27 million degrees ...
The Sun's corona is much hotter (by a factor from 150 to 450) than the visible surface of the Sun: the corona's temperature is 1 to 3 million kelvin compared to the photosphere's average temperature – around 5 800 kelvin. The corona is far less dense than the photosphere, and produces about one-millionth as much visible light.
The Sun. The Sun closely approximates a black-body radiator. The effective temperature, defined by the total radiative power per square unit, is 5772 K. The color temperature of sunlight above the atmosphere is about 5900 K. The Sun may appear red, orange, yellow, or white from Earth, depending on its position in the sky.
Solar transition region. The approximate temperature in the solar atmosphere plotted against height. The solar transition region is a region of the Sun 's atmosphere between the upper chromosphere and corona. [1] [2] It is important because it is the site of several unrelated but important transitions in the physics of the solar atmosphere:
Stellar classification. In astronomy, stellar classification is the classification of stars based on their spectral characteristics. Electromagnetic radiation from the star is analyzed by splitting it with a prism or diffraction grating into a spectrum exhibiting the rainbow of colors interspersed with spectral lines.
The Sun's apparent surface, the photosphere, radiates more actively when there are more sunspots. Satellite monitoring of solar luminosity revealed a direct relationship between the solar cycle and luminosity with a peak-to-peak amplitude of about 0.1%. [34]
The Sun 's photosphere has a temperature in the 5,770–5,780 K (5,500–5,510 °C; 9,930–9,940 °F) range. [2] [3] Starspots, cool regions of disrupted magnetic field, lie in the photosphere. [3] Above the photosphere lies the chromosphere. This part of the atmosphere first cools down and then starts to heat up to about 10 times the ...