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Geographic coordinate conversion has applications in cartography, surveying, navigation and geographic information systems . In geodesy, geographic coordinate conversion is defined as translation among different coordinate formats or map projections all referenced to the same geodetic datum. [ 1] A geographic coordinate transformation is a ...
Open Location Code. The Open Location Code ( OLC) is a geocode based in a system of regular grids for identifying an area anywhere on the Earth. [ 1] It was developed at Google's Zürich engineering office, [ 2] and released late October 2014. [ 3] Location codes created by the OLC system are referred to as " plus codes ".
Address geocoding, or simply geocoding, is the process of taking a text-based description of a location, such as an address or the name of a place, and returning geographic coordinates, frequently latitude/longitude pair, to identify a location on the Earth's surface. [ 1] Reverse geocoding, on the other hand, converts geographic coordinates to ...
Geohash. The 6g cell and its sub-grid. Geohash is a public domain geocode system invented in 2008 by Gustavo Niemeyer [ 1] which encodes a geographic location into a short string of letters and digits. Similar ideas were introduced by G.M. Morton in 1966. [ 2] It is a hierarchical spatial data structure which subdivides space into buckets of ...
The W3C Geolocation API is an effort by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to standardize an interface to retrieve the geographical location information for a client-side device. [3] It defines a set of objects, ECMAScript standard compliant, that executing in the client application give the client's device location through the consulting of ...
Decimal degrees ( DD) is a notation for expressing latitude and longitude geographic coordinates as decimal fractions of a degree. DD are used in many geographic information systems (GIS), web mapping applications such as OpenStreetMap, and GPS devices. Decimal degrees are an alternative to using sexagesimal degrees (degrees, minutes, and ...
The Earth Gravitational Models ( EGM) are a series of geopotential models of the Earth published by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA). They are used as the geoid reference in the World Geodetic System . The NGA provides the models in two formats: as the series of numerical coefficients to the spherical harmonics which define the ...
Angle of arrival. The angle of arrival ( AoA) of a signal is the direction from which the signal (e.g. radio, optical or acoustic) is received.