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The Muslim population in Europe is extremely diverse with varied histories and origins. [4] [5] [6] Today, the Muslim-majority regions of Europe include several countries in the Balkans (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and the European part of Turkey), some Russian republics in the North Caucasus and the Idel-Ural region, and the European part of Kazakhstan.
Tariq ibn Ziyad was a Muslim general who led the Islamic conquest of Visigothic Hispania in 711-718 A.D. He is considered to be one of the most important military commanders in Iberian history. The name "Gibraltar" is the Spanish derivation of the Arabic name Jabal Tāriq (جبل طارق) (meaning "mountain of Tariq"), named after him.
Al-Andalus[ a] ( Arabic: الأَنْدَلُس) was the Muslim -ruled area of the Iberian Peninsula. The term is used by modern historians for the former Islamic states in modern-day Gibraltar, Portugal, Spain, and Southern France. The name describes the different Muslim [ 1][ 2] states that controlled these territories at various times ...
The term Muslim Europe is used for the predominantly Muslim countries of Europe, including Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Turkey, Kosovo, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan.As well as Muslim majority regions in Europe, including western parts of North Macedonia, Sandžak region within Serbia and Montenegro, Rhodope Mountains in Bulgaria, [1] and many Muslim majority republics within Russia such as ...
The metaphor of a golden age began to be applied in 19th-century literature about Islamic history, in the context of the western aesthetic fashion known as Orientalism.The author of a Handbook for Travelers in Syria and Palestine in 1868 observed that the most beautiful mosques of Damascus were "like Mohammedanism itself, now rapidly decaying" and relics of "the golden age of Islam".
(in Arabic as 'Faranji' because they could not pronounce /g/) . The Ottoman Turks pronounced it as Feringhee. [122] Fers Middle English, from Middle French fierce, from Arabic فرزان farzan, from Persian فرزین farzin. Coming from "Fares" a name given by Muslims to the Sassanid era cavalry. [123] Fida'i
India is the country with the largest Muslim population outside Muslim-majority countries with more than 200 million adherents. [24] The Middle East-North Africa region hosts 23% of the world's Muslims, and Islam is the dominant religion in every country in the region [25] other than Israel. [9]
The Umayyads continued the Muslim conquests, conquering Ifriqiya, Transoxiana, Sind, the Maghreb and Hispania ( al-Andalus ). At its greatest extent, the Umayyad Caliphate covered 11,100,000 km 2 (4,300,000 sq mi), [ 1] making it one of the largest empires in history in terms of area. The dynasty was toppled by the Abbasids in 750.